Loneliness Among Older Men in Western and Eastern Europe
Marking the 20th anniversary of the EU’s Eastern Enlargement, this report explores loneliness among older men in Ireland, Poland, and Romania. Commissioned by the Friends of the Elderly in Ireland and prepared by TASC, with contributions from local researchers and partner organisations in Poland and Romania, the study sheds light on the causes, experiences, and possible solutions to loneliness among older men in Europe.
Drawing on mixed methods and comparative analysis, the research investigates key questions: Do older men feel lonely? What drives this loneliness? How do experiences differ across countries? And what interventions can help?
The findings show loneliness is a widespread and persistent issue, with significant social, cultural, economic, and health-related dimensions. The report provides evidence to inform service providers, policy makers, and civil society organisations working with older populations.
Key Findings at a glance:
Social networks are essential. Family, friends, and community groups play a vital role in reducing loneliness. Ireland reports the highest engagement of men over 65 in voluntary activities, while participation in Poland and Romania remains low.
Mobility and transport barriers. Limited mobility and weak public transport, especially in rural areas, restrict older adults’ ability to socialise and increase the risk of isolation. Ireland benefits somewhat from informal support, but structural challenges remain more entrenched in Poland and Romania.
Economic challenges persist. Older adults in all three countries rely mainly on State Pensions, but financial stability differs. Irish participants report greater security, while those in Poland and Romania face tighter budgets, higher poverty risks, and patchy healthcare access.
Digital inclusion is improving but unevenly. While technology helps reduce isolation, many still prefer face-to-face contact. Irish older men show rising digital engagement, aided by family and community programmes. In Poland, digital skills lag among less-educated seniors, and Romania faces the steepest barriers with the EU’s lowest rates of digital literacy.
Cultural norms shape experiences of ageing. Respect for older men varies: in Ireland, many feel valued by their communities; in Poland, views are mixed and still evolving; in Romania, traditional ideas of strength and self-reliance can discourage open discussion about loneliness.
Looking forward: Recommendations
Improve public perceptions of ageing and mental health through awareness campaigns and positive media portrayals.
Raise awareness of services and rights available to older adults, including healthcare, financial advice, and social activities.
Strengthen community structures by supporting inclusive spaces such as men’s sheds, clubs, and volunteering opportunities.
Boost digital inclusion with tailored, confidence-building training, while ensuring non-digital alternatives remain available.
Enhance mobility by improving public transport and rural mobility supports to enable older adults’ social participation.
Ensure economic security through stronger pension systems and financial resilience training.